Tag Content
SG ID
SG00000386 
UniProt Accession
Theoretical PI
8.22  
Molecular Weight
57825 Da  
Genbank Nucleotide ID
Genbank Protein ID
Gene Name
CYP19A1 
Gene Synonyms/Alias
CYP19 
Protein Name
Cytochrome P450 19A1 
Protein Synonyms/Alias
EC=1.14.14.1 Aromatase; CYPXIX; Cytochrome P-450AROM; Cytochrome P450 17-alpha; Estrogen synthase; 
Organism
Equus caballus (Horse) 
NCBI Taxonomy ID
9796 
Chromosome Location
chr:1;139140381-139204543;1
View in Ensembl genome browser  
Function in Stage
Function in Cell Type
Description
Temporarily unavailable 
The information of related literatures
1. H. Sipahutar, P. Sourdaine, S. Moslemi, B. Plainfosse and G. E. Seralini (2003) Immunolocalization of aromatase in stallion Leydig cells and seminiferous tubules. J Histochem Cytochem 51(3): 311-8. 

Abstract
High levels of plasma estrogens constitute an endocrine peculiarity of the adult stallion. This is mostly due to testicular cytochrome p450 aromatase, the only irreversible enzyme responsible for the bioconversion of androgens into estrogens. To identify more precisely the testicular aromatase synthesis sites in the stallion, testes from nine horses (2-5 years) were obtained during winter or spring. Paraplast-embedded sections were processed using rabbit anti-equine aromatase, followed by biotinylated goat anti-rabbit antibodies, and amplified with a streptavidin-peroxidase complex. Immunoreactivity was detected with diaminobenzidine. Immunofluorescence detection, using fluoroisothiocyanate-conjugated goat anti-rabbit antibodies, was also applied. Specific aromatase immunoreactivity was observed intensely in Leydig cells but also for the first time, to a lesser extent, in the cytoplasm surrounding germ cells at the junction with Sertoli cells. Interestingly, the immunoreactivity in Sertoli cells appears to vary with the spermatogenic stages in the basal compartment (with spermatogonia) as well as in the adluminal one (with spermatids). Relative staining intensity in Leydig and Sertoli cells and testicular microsomal aromatase activity increased with age. The present study in stallions indicates that in addition to Leydig cells, Sertoli cells also appear to participate in estrogen synthesis, and this could play a paracrine role in the regulation of spermatogenesis. PMID: [12588959] 

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Figures for illustrating the function of this protein/gene
Function
Catalyzes the formation of aromatic C18 estrogens fromC19 androgens. Final rate-limiting step. 
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Subcellular Location
Endoplasmic reticulum membrane; Peripheralmembrane protein (By similarity). 
Tissue Specificity
Expressed in placenta. Highly expressed infollicles (0 hour:hCG), followed by a drop (12-24 hour:hCG) and byan increase (30-39 hour:hCG). Highly expressed in corpora lutea.Also expressed in granulosa cell layer. Not expressed in thecainterna. 
Gene Ontology
GO IDGO termEvidence
GO:0005789 C:endoplasmic reticulum membrane IEA:UniProtKB-SubCell.
GO:0070330 F:aromatase activity ISS:UniProtKB.
GO:0009055 F:electron carrier activity IEA:InterPro.
GO:0020037 F:heme binding ISS:UniProtKB.
GO:0008209 P:androgen metabolic process IEA:Compara.
GO:0060736 P:prostate gland growth IEA:Compara.
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Interpro
IPR001128;    Cyt_P450.
IPR017972;    Cyt_P450_CS.
IPR002401;    Cyt_P450_E_grp-I.
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Pfam
PF00067;    p450;    1.
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SMART
PROSITE
PS00086;    CYTOCHROME_P450;    1.
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PRINTS
PR00463;    EP450I.;   
PR00385;    P450.;   
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Created Date
18-Oct-2012 
Record Type
Experiment identified 
Protein sequence Annotation
CHAIN         1    503       Cytochrome P450 19A1.
                             /FTId=PRO_0000051954.
REGION      294    324       Substrate-binding pocket (Potential).
METAL       437    437       Iron (heme axial ligand) (By similarity).
BINDING     309    309       Substrate (By similarity).
BINDING     374    374       Substrate; via amide nitrogen (By
                             similarity).
MOD_RES     162    162       Phosphothreonine (By similarity).
CONFLICT    342    347       ERDLKN -> RNLSNK (in Ref. 1; clone A1).
CONFLICT    348    503       Missing (in Ref. 1; clone A1).
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Nucleotide Sequence
Length: 2682 bp   Go to nucleotide: FASTA
Protein Sequence
Length: 503 bp   Go to amino acid: FASTA
The verified Protein-Protein interaction information
UniProt
Gene Symbol Ref Databases
Other Protein-Protein interaction resources
String database  
View Microarray data
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