SpermatogenesisOnline 1.0
 

Tag Content
SG ID
SG00000502 
UniProt Accession
Theoretical PI
5.69  
Molecular Weight
17700 Da  
Genbank Nucleotide ID
Genbank Protein ID
Gene Name
CDKN2D 
Gene Synonyms/Alias
 
Protein Name
Cyclin-dependent kinase 4 inhibitor D 
Protein Synonyms/Alias
p19-INK4d; 
Organism
Homo sapiens (Human) 
NCBI Taxonomy ID
9606 
Chromosome Location
chr:19;10677139-10679655;-1
View in Ensembl genome browser  
Function in Stage
Function in Cell Type
Description
p19INK4d, a member of the INK4 family of cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitors, negatively regulates the proto-oncogenic cyclin D/CDK4(6) complexes whose ability to phosphorylate the retinoblastoma tumour suppressor (RB) promotes G1/S transition. 
The information of related literatures
1. J. Bartkova, M. Thullberg, E. Rajpert-De Meyts, N. E. Skakkebaek and J. Bartek (2000) Lack of p19INK4d in human testicular germ-cell tumours contrasts with high expression during normal spermatogenesis. Oncogene 19(36): 4146-50. 

Abstract
p19INK4d, a member of the INK4 family of cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitors, negatively regulates the proto-oncogenic cyclin D/CDK4(6) complexes whose ability to phosphorylate the retinoblastoma tumour suppressor (RB) promotes G1/S transition. In contrast to the related p16INK4a tumour suppressor, expression patterns of 19INK4d in human tissues and tumours remain unknown. As the RB pathway is commonly targeted in cancer, and mouse models suggest a role for p19INK4d in spermatogenesis, we examined the abundance and localization of p19INK4d in the human testis, both during normal development and at various stages of germ-cell tumour pathogenesis. Our data show that the p19INK4d protein is abundant in spermatocytes of normal human adult testes, whereas virtually no p19INK4d is detectable in testicular cancer, including the preinvasive carcinoma in situ stage. Together with the lack of p19INK4d in human foetal germ cells, these results support the concept of foetal origin of the testicular germ-cell tumours, and help better understand the emerging role of the RB pathway in spermatogenesis and tumorigenesis in the human testis. Oncogene (2000) 19, 4146 - 4150 PMID: [10962575] 

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Figures for illustrating the function of this protein/gene
Ref: J. Bartkova, M. Thullberg, E. Rajpert-De Meyts, N. E. Skakkebaek and J. Bartek (2000) Lack of p19INK4d in human testicular germ-cell tumours contrasts with high expression during normal spermatogenesis. Oncogene 19(36): 4146-50. PMID: [10962575]
Function
Interacts strongly with CDK4 and CDK6 and inhibits them. 
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Subcellular Location
Nucleus. Cytoplasm. 
Tissue Specificity
 
Gene Ontology
GO IDGO termEvidence
GO:0005829 C:cytosol TAS:Reactome.
GO:0005634 C:nucleus IDA:BHF-UCL.
GO:0004861 F:cyclin-dependent protein kinase inhibitor activity IDA:BHF-UCL.
GO:0006916 P:anti-apoptosis IMP:BHF-UCL.
GO:0048102 P:autophagic cell death IMP:BHF-UCL.
GO:0007050 P:cell cycle arrest IDA:BHF-UCL.
GO:0000731 P:DNA synthesis involved in DNA repair IMP:BHF-UCL.
GO:0000080 P:G1 phase of mitotic cell cycle TAS:Reactome.
GO:0000082 P:G1/S transition of mitotic cell cycle IDA:BHF-UCL.
GO:0030308 P:negative regulation of cell growth IDA:BHF-UCL.
GO:0008285 P:negative regulation of cell proliferation IDA:BHF-UCL.
GO:0043154 P:negative regulation of cysteine-type endopeptidase activity involved in apoptotic process IMP:BHF-UCL.
GO:0000079 P:regulation of cyclin-dependent protein kinase activity IDA:BHF-UCL.
GO:0032526 P:response to retinoic acid IMP:BHF-UCL.
GO:0009411 P:response to UV IMP:BHF-UCL.
GO:0033280 P:response to vitamin D IMP:BHF-UCL.
GO:0007605 P:sensory perception of sound IEA:Compara.
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Interpro
IPR002110;    Ankyrin_rpt.
IPR020683;    Ankyrin_rpt-contain_dom.
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Pfam
PF00023;    Ank;    2.
PF12796;    Ank_2;    1.
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SMART
SM00248;    ANK;    4.
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PROSITE
PS50297;    ANK_REP_REGION;    1.
PS50088;    ANK_REPEAT;    1.
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PRINTS
Created Date
18-Oct-2012 
Record Type
Experiment identified 
Protein sequence Annotation
CHAIN         1    166       Cyclin-dependent kinase 4 inhibitor D.
                             /FTId=PRO_0000144188.
REPEAT       41     69       ANK 1.
REPEAT       73    102       ANK 2.
REPEAT      106    135       ANK 3.
REPEAT      138    166       ANK 4.
MOD_RES       1      1       N-acetylmethionine.
CONFLICT    159    159       Q -> P (in Ref. 2; AAA85436).
HELIX         8     18
HELIX        21     29
HELIX        45     48
HELIX        54     62
HELIX        77     83
HELIX        87     95
HELIX       110    117
HELIX       120    127
HELIX       142    148
HELIX       152    159
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Nucleotide Sequence
Length: 555 bp   Go to nucleotide: FASTA
Protein Sequence
Length: 166 bp   Go to amino acid: FASTA
The verified Protein-Protein interaction information
Other Protein-Protein interaction resources
String database  
View Microarray data
Temporarily unavailable 
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