SpermatogenesisOnline 1.0
 

Tag Content
SG ID
SG00000597 
UniProt Accession
Theoretical PI
8.26  
Molecular Weight
28228 Da  
Genbank Nucleotide ID
Genbank Protein ID
Gene Name
SPINT2 
Gene Synonyms/Alias
HAI2, KOP 
Protein Name
Kunitz-type protease inhibitor 2 
Protein Synonyms/Alias
Hepatocyte growth factor activator inhibitor type 2;HAI-2 Placental bikunin;Flags: Precursor 
Organism
Homo sapiens (Human) 
NCBI Taxonomy ID
9606 
Chromosome Location
chr:19;38755098-38783253;1
View in Ensembl genome browser  
Function in Stage
Function in Cell Type
Description
A distinct regulation of HAI-2 gene expression in testis and that HAI-2 may play a role in the process of spermatogenesis. 
The information of related literatures
1. M. Yamauchi, H. Itoh, S. Naganuma, M. Koono, Y. Hasui, Y. Osada and H. Kataoka (2002) Expression of hepatocyte growth factor activator inhibitor type 2 (HAI-2) in human testis. Biol Chem 383(12): 1953-7. 

Abstract
Hepatocyte growth factor activator inhibitor type 1 (HAI-1) and type 2 (HAI-2) are recently identified integral membrane Kunitz-type proteinase inhibitors. They have important regulatory roles in pericellular activation of hepatocyte growth factor/scatter factor (HGF/SF) which is critically involved in the development and regeneration of various tissues. Recent reports suggest that HGF/SF is also involved in testicular development and spermatogenesis. In this study, we analyzed the expression of HAIs in the testis. In human testis, HAI-2 was strongly expressed whereas HAI-1 mRNA was hardly detectable. Of interest was the observation that the mRNA size of HAI-2 was shorter in the testis (1.2 kb) than those in the other tissues such as placenta (1.5 kb). Subsequent experiments revealed that there are two major transcription start sites of the HAI-2 gene, which are -30 bp and -360 bp upstream from the translation initiation ATG codon. Although the latter site appeared to be mainly used in the placenta and other non-testicular organs, only the former site is used in testis, resulting in the -300 bp shorter mRNA. An immunohistochemical study using a specific monoclonal antibody raised against human HAI-2 protein indicated that HAI-2 is expressed exclusively in primary spermatocytes. These results suggest a distinct regulation of HAI-2 gene expression in testis and that HAI-2 may play a role in the process of spermatogenesis. PMID: [12553733] 

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Figures for illustrating the function of this protein/gene
Function
Inhibitor of HGF activator. Also inhibits plasmin,plasma and tissue kallikrein, and factor XIa. 
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Subcellular Location
Membrane; Single-pass type I membraneprotein (Potential). 
Tissue Specificity
Expressed in placenta, kidney, pancreas,prostate, testis, thymus, and trachea. 
Gene Ontology
GO IDGO termEvidence
GO:0005737 C:cytoplasm IDA:HGNC.
GO:0005576 C:extracellular region TAS:ProtInc.
GO:0016021 C:integral to membrane TAS:ProtInc.
GO:0004867 F:serine-type endopeptidase inhibitor activity TAS:ProtInc.
GO:0006928 P:cellular component movement TAS:ProtInc.
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Interpro
IPR002223;    Prot_inh_Kunz-m.
IPR020901;    Prtase_inh_Kunz-CS.
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Pfam
PF00014;    Kunitz_BPTI;    2.
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SMART
SM00131;    KU;    2.
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PROSITE
PS00280;    BPTI_KUNITZ_1;    2.
PS50279;    BPTI_KUNITZ_2;    2.
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PRINTS
PR00759;    BASICPTASE.;   
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Created Date
18-Oct-2012 
Record Type
Experiment identified 
Protein sequence Annotation
SIGNAL        1     27
CHAIN        28    252       Kunitz-type protease inhibitor 2.
                             /FTId=PRO_0000016885.
TOPO_DOM     28    197       Extracellular (Potential).
TRANSMEM    198    218       Helical; (Potential).
TOPO_DOM    219    252       Cytoplasmic (Potential).
DOMAIN       38     88       BPTI/Kunitz inhibitor 1.
DOMAIN      133    183       BPTI/Kunitz inhibitor 2.
SITE         48     49       Reactive bond (By similarity).
SITE        143    144       Reactive bond (By similarity).
CARBOHYD     57     57       N-linked (GlcNAc...).
CARBOHYD     94     94       N-linked (GlcNAc...) (Potential).
DISULFID     38     88       By similarity.
DISULFID     47     71       By similarity.
DISULFID     63     84       By similarity.
DISULFID    133    183       By similarity.
DISULFID    142    166       By similarity.
DISULFID    158    179       By similarity.
VAR_SEQ      36     92       Missing (in isoform 2).
                             /FTId=VSP_043680.
VARIANT     163    163       Y -> C (in DIAR3; has a significantly
                             reduced ability to inhibit trypsin
                             compared to wild-type).
                             /FTId=VAR_058718.
VARIANT     200    200       V -> L (in dbSNP:rs11548457).
                             /FTId=VAR_012482.
CONFLICT      3      3       Q -> H (in Ref. 3; AAB84031).
CONFLICT     11     11       R -> P (in Ref. 1; BAA25024).
CONFLICT     53     53       R -> K (in Ref. 3; AAB84031).
CONFLICT    240    240       D -> H (in Ref. 3; AAB84031).
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Nucleotide Sequence
Length: 1512 bp   Go to nucleotide: FASTA
Protein Sequence
Length: 252 bp   Go to amino acid: FASTA
The verified Protein-Protein interaction information
UniProt
 Gene Symbol Ref Databases
CTSBHPRD 
CDIPTString 
ITIH2BioGRID 
ORF3MINT 
ORF3MINT 
CDIPTString 
HGFACHPRD 
ITIH3HPRD 
SUMO4HPRD 
Other Protein-Protein interaction resources
String database  
View Microarray data
Temporarily unavailable 
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