SpermatogenesisOnline 1.0
 

Tag Content
SG ID
SG00000652 
UniProt Accession
Theoretical PI
8.85  
Molecular Weight
18844 Da  
Genbank Nucleotide ID
Genbank Protein ID
Gene Name
NANOS3 
Gene Synonyms/Alias
NOS3 
Protein Name
Nanos homolog 3 
Protein Synonyms/Alias
NOS-3 
Organism
Homo sapiens (Human) 
NCBI Taxonomy ID
9606 
Chromosome Location
chr:19;13987950-13991571;1
View in Ensembl genome browser  
Function in Stage
Function in Cell Type
Description
NANOS3 functions in human germ cell development; indeed, NANOS3 is now one of just two genes that has been directly shown to function in germ cell development across diverse species from flies, worms, frogs and mice to humans [the other is BOULE, a member of the Deleted in Azoospermia (DAZ) gene family]. . 
The information of related literatures
1. V. T. Julaton and R. A. Reijo Pera (2011) NANOS3 function in human germ cell development. Hum Mol Genet 20(11): 2238-50. 

Abstract
Human infertility is common and frequently linked to poor germ cell development. Yet, human germ cell development is poorly understood, at least in part due to the inaccessibility of germ cells to study especially during fetal development. Here, we explored the function of a highly conserved family of genes, the NANOS genes, in the differentiation of human germ cells from human embryonic stem cells. We observed that NANOS-1, -2 and -3 mRNAs and proteins were expressed in human gonads. We also noted that NANOS3 was expressed in germ cells throughout spermatogenesis and oogenesis and thus, focused further efforts on this family member. NANOS3 expression was highest in human germ cell nuclei where the protein co-localized with chromosomal DNA during mitosis/meiosis. Reduced expression of NANOS3 (via morpholinos or short hairpin RNA) resulted in a reduction in germ cell numbers and decreased expression of germ cell-intrinsic genes required for the maintenance of pluripotency and meiotic initiation and progression. These data provide the first direct experimental evidence that NANOS3 functions in human germ cell development; indeed, NANOS3 is now one of just two genes that has been directly shown to function in germ cell development across diverse species from flies, worms, frogs and mice to humans [the other is BOULE, a member of the Deleted in Azoospermia (DAZ) gene family]. Findings may contribute to our understanding of the basic biology of human germ cell development and may provide clinical insights regarding infertility. PMID: [21421998] 

Back to Top
Figures for illustrating the function of this protein/gene
Ref: V. T. Julaton and R. A. Reijo Pera (2011) NANOS3 function in human germ cell development. Hum Mol Genet 20(11): 2238-50. PMID: [21421998]
Ref: V. T. Julaton and R. A. Reijo Pera (2011) NANOS3 function in human germ cell development. Hum Mol Genet 20(11): 2238-50. PMID: [21421998]
Function
Plays a role in the maintenance of the undifferentiatedstate of germ cells regulating the spermatogonia cell cycle andinducing a prolonged transit in G1 phase. Affects cellproliferation probably by repressing translation of specificmRNAs. Maintains the germ cell lineage by suppressing both Bax-dependent and -independent apoptotic pathways. Essential in theearly stage embryo to protect the migrating primordial germ cells(PGCs) from apoptosis. 
Back to Top
Subcellular Location
Nucleus. Cytoplasm. Cytoplasmic granule (Bysimilarity). Cytoplasm, P-body (By similarity). Note=Thecytoplasmic granules are stress granules which are a denseaggregation in the cytosol composed of proteins and RNAs thatappear when the cell is under stress. Co-localizes with PUM2,EIF2S1 and TIAL1 in the stress granules. Co-localizes with DCP1Ain the P-body (By similarity). 
Tissue Specificity
Ovary, testis and brain (at protein level). Inthe ovaries, expressed during multiple stages of oogenesis,including primordial, primary, secondary and antral follicles withthe highest expression in the oocytes. In the testis, expressed ingerm cells, type A spermatogonia (SA), primary spermatocytes (S1),round spermatids (S3) and elongated spermatids. 
Gene Ontology
GO IDGO termEvidence
GO:0000932 C:cytoplasmic mRNA processing body ISS:UniProtKB.
GO:0010494 C:cytoplasmic stress granule ISS:UniProtKB.
GO:0005634 C:nucleus IDA:UniProtKB.
GO:0003723 F:RNA binding ISS:UniProtKB.
GO:0008270 F:zinc ion binding IEA:InterPro.
GO:0006916 P:anti-apoptosis ISS:UniProtKB.
GO:0007281 P:germ cell development IMP:UniProtKB.
GO:0007275 P:multicellular organismal development IEA:UniProtKB-KW.
GO:0048477 P:oogenesis IEA:UniProtKB-KW.
GO:0051726 P:regulation of cell cycle ISS:UniProtKB.
GO:0006417 P:regulation of translation ISS:UniProtKB.
GO:0007283 P:spermatogenesis ISS:UniProtKB.
Back to Top
Interpro
IPR008705;    Nanos/Xcar2.
IPR024161;    Znf_nanos-typ.
Back to Top
Pfam
PF05741;    zf-nanos;    1.
Back to Top
SMART
PROSITE
PS51522;    ZF_NANOS;    1.
Back to Top
PRINTS
Created Date
18-Oct-2012 
Record Type
Experiment identified 
Protein sequence Annotation
CHAIN         1    173       Nanos homolog 3.
                             /FTId=PRO_0000207689.
ZN_FING      57    111       Nanos-type.
MOTIF        58     85       C2HC 1.
MOTIF        93    109       C2HC 2.
VAR_SEQ      42     42       P -> PVSALEPMPAPESVPVPGPK (in isoform 2).
                             /FTId=VSP_038695.
Back to Top
Nucleotide Sequence
Length: 214530 bp   Go to nucleotide: FASTA
Protein Sequence
Length: 173 bp   Go to amino acid: FASTA
The verified Protein-Protein interaction information
UniProt
 Gene Symbol Ref Databases
Other Protein-Protein interaction resources
String database  
View Microarray data
Temporarily unavailable 
Comments