SpermatogenesisOnline 1.0
 

Tag Content
SG ID
SG00000861 
UniProt Accession
Theoretical PI
7.9  
Molecular Weight
50893 Da  
Genbank Nucleotide ID
Genbank Protein ID
Gene Name
Rxrg 
Gene Synonyms/Alias
Nr2b3 
Protein Name
Retinoic acid receptor RXR-gamma 
Protein Synonyms/Alias
Nuclear receptor subfamily 2 group B member 3; Retinoid X receptor gamma; 
Organism
Mus musculus (Mouse) 
NCBI Taxonomy ID
10090 
Chromosome Location
chr:1;169528515-169569754;1
View in Ensembl genome browser  
Function in Stage
Function in Cell Type
Description
Receptor for retinoic acid. Retinoic acid receptors bindas heterodimers to their target response elements in response totheir ligands, all-trans or 9-cis retinoic acid, and regulate geneexpression in various biological processes. RXRgamma has a strong immune response in interstitial cells and in A spermatogonia, and a weak signal in pachytene spermatocytes.  
The information of related literatures
1. K. Thomas, D. Y. Sung, X. Chen, W. Thompson, Y. E. Chen, J. McCarrey, W. Walker and M. Griswold (2011) Developmental patterns of PPAR and RXR gene expression during spermatogenesis. Front Biosci (Elite Ed) 3(): 1209-20. 

Abstract
Members of the family of nuclear receptors that include peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors (PPARs) and retinoid X receptors (RXRs) are important mediators of selective gene activation during development and cellular differentiation. In this study, developmentally-specific PPAR and RXR patterns of expression that occur in somatic and germ cell populations in the testis were determined using quantative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR) studies on RNAs that were isolated from StaPut purified mouse germ cells and primary rat Sertoli cells. These qRT-PCR studies indicate that transcripts encoding the PPAR-Alpha (alpha), -Beta (beta), and -Gamma (gamma) and RXR -Alpha (alpha), -Beta (beta), and -Gamma (gamma) are developmentally expressed in both differentiating germ and Sertoli cells. In further experiments aimed at deciphering the physiological role that PPAR-Gamma (gamma) plays in Sertoli cells, 15-day primary rat Sertoli cells were infected with recombinant adenoviral vectors containing PPAR-Gamma (gamma) cDNA and PPAR-Gamma (gamma) RNAi constructs. Affymetrix microarray analysis and qRT-PCR validation studies using total RNA isolated from these transfected cells indicated that PPAR-Gamma regulates the pattern of expression of key lipid metabolic genes in Sertoli cells. PMID: [21622127] 

2. I. C. Gaemers, A. M. van Pelt, P. T. van der Saag, J. W. Hoogerbrugge, A. P. Themmen and D. G. de Rooij (1998) Differential expression pattern of retinoid X receptors in adult murine testicular cells implies varying roles for these receptors in spermatogenesis. Biol Reprod 58(6): 1351-6. 

Abstract
Retinoids have previously been shown to be crucial for normal spermatogenesis. The role of retinoic acid receptors has been studied, but relatively little is known about the function of retinoid X receptors (RXRs). To gain more insight in the function of RXRs during spermatogenesis, the cellular localization of RXRs in the mouse testis was examined using immunohistochemistry and RNase protection assays. In both normal and vitamin A-deficient (VAD) testes, a strong immune response to an RXRalpha antibody occurred in Leydig cells, peritubular myoid cells, and A spermatogonia. Weaker signals were found in spermatocytes and spermatids. In normal testes, an RXRbeta antibody gave a reaction in Leydig cells, and, to a lesser extent, in Sertoli cells, A spermatogonia, pachytene spermatocytes, and spermatids. In Leydig cells, a cytoplasmatic signal was found in addition to the nuclear signal. In the VAD testis, only Leydig cells and A spermatogonia were positive, which indicates that RXRbeta expression may be dependent on the retinoid status. Previous studies have shown RXRgamma mRNA expression in the mouse testis at a low level. Nevertheless, an RXRgamma antibody caused a strong immune response in interstitial cells and in A spermatogonia, and a weak signal in pachytene spermatocytes. These immunohistochemical data were supported by the results of RNase protection assays on mRNA of testicular cell isolations. In conclusion, the different RXRs in the mouse testis have distinct expression patterns, suggesting that they may have different functions. PMID: [9623592] 

Back to Top
Figures for illustrating the function of this protein/gene
Ref: I. C. Gaemers, A. M. van Pelt, P. T. van der Saag, J. W. Hoogerbrugge, A. P. Themmen and D. G. de Rooij (1998) Differential expression pattern of retinoid X receptors in adult murine testicular cells implies varying roles for these receptors in spermatogenesis. Biol Reprod 58(6): 1351-6. PMID: [9623592]
Function
Receptor for retinoic acid. Retinoic acid receptors bindas heterodimers to their target response elements in response totheir ligands, all-trans or 9-cis retinoic acid, and regulate geneexpression in various biological processes. The RAR/RXRheterodimers bind to the retinoic acid response elements (RARE)composed of tandem 5'-AGGTCA-3' sites known as DR1-DR5. The highaffinity ligand for RXRs is 9-cis retinoic acid (By similarity). 
Back to Top
Subcellular Location
Nucleus. 
Tissue Specificity
 
Gene Ontology
GO IDGO termEvidence
GO:0005634 C:nucleus IEA:UniProtKB-SubCell.
GO:0004886 F:9-cis retinoic acid receptor activity IDA:MGI.
GO:0043565 F:sequence-specific DNA binding IGI:MGI.
GO:0003707 F:steroid hormone receptor activity IEA:InterPro.
GO:0008270 F:zinc ion binding IEA:InterPro.
GO:0007507 P:heart development IEA:Compara.
GO:0030182 P:neuron differentiation IEA:Compara.
GO:0007422 P:peripheral nervous system development IEA:Compara.
GO:0045944 P:positive regulation of transcription from RNA polymerase II promoter IGI:MGI.
GO:0014070 P:response to organic cyclic compound IEA:Compara.
GO:0032526 P:response to retinoic acid IEA:Compara.
GO:0007519 P:skeletal muscle tissue development IEA:Compara.
Back to Top
Interpro
IPR021780;    DUF3345.
IPR008946;    Nucl_hormone_rcpt_ligand-bd.
IPR000536;    Nucl_hrmn_rcpt_lig-bd_core.
IPR000003;    Retinoid-X_rcpt/HNF4.
IPR001723;    Str_hrmn_rcpt.
IPR001628;    Znf_hrmn_rcpt.
IPR013088;    Znf_NHR/GATA.
Back to Top
Pfam
PF00104;    Hormone_recep;    1.
PF11825;    Nuc_recep-AF1;    1.
PF00105;    zf-C4;    1.
Back to Top
SMART
SM00430;    HOLI;    1.
SM00399;    ZnF_C4;    1.
Back to Top
PROSITE
PS00031;    NUCLEAR_REC_DBD_1;    1.
PS51030;    NUCLEAR_REC_DBD_2;    1.
Back to Top
PRINTS
PR00545;    RETINOIDXR.;   
PR00398;    STRDHORMONER.;   
PR00047;    STROIDFINGER.;   
Back to Top
Created Date
18-Oct-2012 
Record Type
Experiment identified 
Protein sequence Annotation
CHAIN         1    463       Retinoic acid receptor RXR-gamma.
                             /FTId=PRO_0000053577.
DNA_BIND    139    204       Nuclear receptor.
ZN_FING     139    159       NR C4-type.
ZN_FING     175    199       NR C4-type.
REGION        1    138       Modulating (By similarity).
REGION      205    260       Hinge.
REGION      261    463       Ligand-binding (By similarity).
CONFLICT    341    341       A -> R (in Ref. 2; CAA46964).
Back to Top
Nucleotide Sequence
Length: 1488 bp   Go to nucleotide: FASTA
Protein Sequence
Length: 463 bp   Go to amino acid: FASTA
The verified Protein-Protein interaction information
Other Protein-Protein interaction resources
String database  
View Microarray data
Comments