SpermatogenesisOnline 1.0
 

Tag Content
SG ID
SG00001934 
UniProt Accession
Theoretical PI
5.32  
Molecular Weight
37838 Da  
Genbank Nucleotide ID
Genbank Protein ID
Gene Name
Fst 
Gene Synonyms/Alias
 
Protein Name
Follistatin 
Protein Synonyms/Alias
FS Activin-binding protein;Flags: Precursor 
Organism
Rattus norvegicus (Rat) 
NCBI Taxonomy ID
10116 
Chromosome Location
chr:2;46542246-46550678;-1
View in Ensembl genome browser  
Function in Stage
Function in Cell Type
Description
Temporarily unavailable 
The information of related literatures
1. T. Meehan, S. Schlatt, M. K. O'Bryan, D. M. de Kretser and K. L. Loveland (2000) Regulation of germ cell and Sertoli cell development by activin, follistatin, and FSH. Dev Biol 220(2): 225-37. 

Abstract
We have demonstrated a role for activin A, follistatin, and FSH in male germ cell differentiation at the time when spermatogonial stem cells and committed spermatogonia first appear in the developing testis. Testis fragments from 3-day-old rats were cultured for 1 or 3 days with various combinations of these factors, incubated with bromodeoxyuridine (BrdU) to label proliferating cells, and then processed for stereological analysis and detection of BrdU incorporation. Gonocyte numbers were significantly elevated in cultures treated with activin, while the combination of FSH and the activin antagonist, follistatin, increased the proportion of spermatogonia in the germ cell population after 3 days. All fragment groups treated with FSH contained a significantly higher proportion of proliferating Sertoli cells, while activin and follistatin each reduced Sertoli cell division. In situ hybridization and immunohistochemistry on normal rat testes demonstrated that gonocytes, but not spermatogonia, contain the activin beta(A) subunit mRNA and protein. In contrast, gonocytes first expressed follistatin mRNA and protein at 3 days after birth, concordant with the transition of gonocytes to spermatogonia. Collectively, these data demonstrate that germ cells have the potential to regulate their own maturation through production of endogenous activin A and follistatin. Sertoli cells were observed to produce the activin/inhibin beta(A) subunit, the inhibin alpha subunit, and follistatin, demonstrating that these cells have the potential to regulate germ cell maturation as well as their own development. These findings indicate that local regulation of activin bioactivity may underpin the coordinated development of germ cells and somatic cells at the onset of spermatogenesis. PMID: [10753512] 

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Figures for illustrating the function of this protein/gene
Function
Binds directly to activin and functions as an activinantagonist. Specific inhibitor of the biosynthesis and secretionof pituitary follicle stimulating hormone (FSH). 
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Subcellular Location
Secreted. 
Tissue Specificity
 
Gene Ontology
GO IDGO termEvidence
GO:0005737 C:cytoplasm IEA:Compara.
GO:0005576 C:extracellular region IEA:UniProtKB-SubCell.
GO:0005634 C:nucleus IEA:Compara.
GO:0030509 P:BMP signaling pathway IEA:Compara.
GO:0008585 P:female gonad development IEA:Compara.
GO:0007276 P:gamete generation IEA:Compara.
GO:0031069 P:hair follicle morphogenesis IEA:Compara.
GO:0043616 P:keratinocyte proliferation IEA:Compara.
GO:0045596 P:negative regulation of cell differentiation IEA:Compara.
GO:0046882 P:negative regulation of follicle-stimulating hormone secretion TAS:RGD.
GO:0042475 P:odontogenesis of dentin-containing tooth IEA:Compara.
GO:0007389 P:pattern specification process IEA:Compara.
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Interpro
IPR003645;    Fol_N.
IPR015369;    Follistatin/Osteonectin_EGF.
IPR011497;    Kazal-type_dom.
IPR002350;    Prot_inh_Kazal.
IPR017878;    TB_dom.
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Pfam
PF09289;    FOLN;    1.
PF07648;    Kazal_2;    3.
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SMART
SM00274;    FOLN;    3.
SM00280;    KAZAL;    3.
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PROSITE
PS00282;    KAZAL_1;    FALSE_NEG.
PS51465;    KAZAL_2;    3.
PS51364;    TB;    1.
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PRINTS
Created Date
18-Oct-2012 
Record Type
Experiment identified 
Protein sequence Annotation
SIGNAL        1     29       Potential.
CHAIN        30    344       Follistatin.
                             /FTId=PRO_0000010106.
DOMAIN       30    103       TB.
DOMAIN       94    117       Follistatin-like 1.
DOMAIN      112    166       Kazal-like 1.
DOMAIN      167    190       Follistatin-like 2.
DOMAIN      186    241       Kazal-like 2.
DOMAIN      244    268       Follistatin-like 3.
DOMAIN      264    318       Kazal-like 3.
COMPBIAS    321    333       Asp/Glu-rich (highly acidic).
CARBOHYD    124    124       N-linked (GlcNAc...) (Potential).
CARBOHYD    288    288       N-linked (GlcNAc...) (Potential).
DISULFID     32     55       By similarity.
DISULFID     42     88       By similarity.
DISULFID     56     91       By similarity.
DISULFID     95    106
DISULFID    100    116
DISULFID    118    150
DISULFID    122    143
DISULFID    132    164
DISULFID    168    179
DISULFID    173    189
DISULFID    192    225
DISULFID    196    218
DISULFID    207    239
DISULFID    270    302       By similarity.
DISULFID    274    295       By similarity.
DISULFID    284    316       By similarity.
STRAND      104    108
STRAND      114    118
HELIX       122    124
STRAND      131    133
STRAND      138    141
HELIX       142    151
STRAND      158    162
STRAND      166    168
STRAND      178    181
STRAND      185    190
STRAND      200    202
STRAND      206    208
STRAND      213    216
HELIX       217    227
STRAND      233    238
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Nucleotide Sequence
Length: 1260 bp   Go to nucleotide: FASTA
Protein Sequence
Length: 344 bp   Go to amino acid: FASTA
The verified Protein-Protein interaction information
UniProt
 Gene Symbol Ref Databases
INHBAMINT 
Other Protein-Protein interaction resources
String database  
View Microarray data
Temporarily unavailable 
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