SpermatogenesisOnline 1.0
 

Tag Content
SG ID
SG00001941 
UniProt Accession
Theoretical PI
6.27  
Molecular Weight
59637 Da  
Genbank Nucleotide ID
Genbank Protein ID
Gene Name
Adcyap1r1 
Gene Synonyms/Alias
 
Protein Name
Pituitary adenylate cyclase-activating polypeptide type I receptor 
Protein Synonyms/Alias
PACAP type I receptorPACAP-R-1PACAP-R1Flags: Precursor 
Organism
Rattus norvegicus (Rat) 
NCBI Taxonomy ID
10116 
Chromosome Location
chr:4;84209729-84254982;1
View in Ensembl genome browser  
Function in Stage
Function in Cell Type
Description
Temporarily unavailable 
The information of related literatures
1. J. Kononen, M. Paavola, T. L. Penttila, M. Parvinen and M. Pelto-Huikko (1994) Stage-specific expression of pituitary adenylate cyclase-activating polypeptide (PACAP) mRNA in the rat seminiferous tubules. Endocrinology 135(5): 2291-4. 

Abstract
We have used in situ hybridization and Northern blot analysis with oligonucleotide probe to characterize the site of pituitary adenylate cyclase-activating polypeptide (PACAP) synthesis in the rat testis. We observed strong hybridization signal in one third of the cross-sections of the seminiferous tubules, whereas some tubules were devoid of hybridization signal, thus suggesting that PACAP mRNA is expressed in a stage-specific manner. More detailed analysis showed that PACAP mRNA was present in round spermatids at stages III-VII of the cycle. Northern blot hybridization to RNAs extracted from samples of seminiferous tubules at different stages of the epithelial cycle confirmed that expression of PACAP mRNA is restricted to specific stages of the cycle. The highest amount of PACAP mRNA was detected at stages V to early -VII of the cycle, whereas very low levels of mRNA were present at stages I-II and IX-XIV. The present results demonstrate that PACAP mRNA is expressed in the developing germ cells. This suggests that PACAP may function as a paracrine or autocrine regulatory factor for the Sertoli and germ cells, with a specific function during early spermiogenesis, shortly before the onset of nuclear elongation, at the last period of haploid gene activity. PMID: [7956953] 

2. C. M. Lv, D. L. Cheng, W. Zhao and H. Zhu (2011) Pituitary adenylate cyclase-activating polypeptide mRNA expression in rat testis and epididymis during postnatal development and experimental cryptorchidism. Mol Med Report 4(5): 793-8. 

Abstract
In the present study, the expression of pituitary adenylate cyclase-activating polypeptide (PACAP) mRNA was investigated in rat testis and epididymis during postnatal development and experimental cryptorchidism using reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and in situ hybridization. The results revealed that i) in the testis, PACAP mRNA expression was first detected on day 20 after birth and gradually increased from day 20 to reach a maximum level on day 60, mainly in the spermatocytes and round spermatids; ii) in the epididymis, PACAP mRNA was first detected on day 10 after birth and remained at higher levels from day 40; iii) the levels of PACAP mRNA in the testis and epididymis markedly decreased in a time-dependent manner from 1 week after cryptorchid surgery until they had almost disappeared at 4 weeks. These results suggested that the pattern of PACAP mRNA expression is developmentally dependent in both the testis and epididymis, and the expression of PACAP mRNA is regulated by the local temperature within the testis. In conclusion, the pattern of expression of PACAP in the testis and epididymis suggests a possible role of PACAP in spermatogenesis and sperm maturation. PMID: [21674129] 

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Figures for illustrating the function of this protein/gene
Function
This is a receptor for PACAP-27 and PACAP-38. Theactivity of this receptor is mediated by G proteins which activateadenylyl cyclase. May regulate the release of adrenocorticotropin,luteinizing hormone, growth hormone, prolactin, epinephrine, andcatecholamine. May play a role in spermatogenesis and spermmotility. Causes smooth muscle relaxation and secretion in thegastrointestinal tract. 
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Subcellular Location
Cell membrane; Multi-pass membrane protein. 
Tissue Specificity
Hypothalamus, anterior pituitary, adrenalmedulla, testicular germ cells. 
Gene Ontology
GO IDGO termEvidence
GO:0005901 C:caveola IDA:RGD.
GO:0009986 C:cell surface IDA:RGD.
GO:0005768 C:endosome IDA:RGD.
GO:0000139 C:Golgi membrane TAS:Reactome.
GO:0016021 C:integral to membrane IEA:UniProtKB-KW.
GO:0043005 C:neuron projection IDA:RGD.
GO:0005791 C:rough endoplasmic reticulum IDA:RGD.
GO:0005923 C:tight junction IDA:RGD.
GO:0042923 F:neuropeptide binding IDA:RGD.
GO:0004999 F:vasoactive intestinal polypeptide receptor activity IEA:InterPro.
GO:0007202 P:activation of phospholipase C activity IDA:RGD.
GO:0019933 P:cAMP-mediated signaling IDA:RGD.
GO:0030154 P:cell differentiation IEA:UniProtKB-KW.
GO:0046545 P:development of primary female sexual characteristics IEP:RGD.
GO:0033555 P:multicellular organismal response to stress IEP:RGD.
GO:0060548 P:negative regulation of cell death IDA:RGD.
GO:0010524 P:positive regulation of calcium ion transport into cytosol IMP:RGD.
GO:0030819 P:positive regulation of cAMP biosynthetic process IDA:RGD.
GO:0060732 P:positive regulation of inositol phosphate biosynthetic process IDA:RGD.
GO:0042493 P:response to drug IEP:RGD.
GO:0032355 P:response to estradiol stimulus IEP:RGD.
GO:0045471 P:response to ethanol IEP:RGD.
GO:0007283 P:spermatogenesis IEA:UniProtKB-KW.
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Interpro
IPR017981;    GPCR_2-like.
IPR001879;    GPCR_2_extracellular_dom.
IPR002285;    GPCR_2_PACAP_1_rcpt.
IPR000832;    GPCR_2_secretin-like.
IPR017983;    GPCR_2_secretin-like_CS.
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Pfam
PF00002;    7tm_2;    1.
PF02793;    HRM;    1.
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SMART
SM00008;    HormR;    1.
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PROSITE
PS00649;    G_PROTEIN_RECEP_F2_1;    1.
PS00650;    G_PROTEIN_RECEP_F2_2;    1.
PS50227;    G_PROTEIN_RECEP_F2_3;    1.
PS50261;    G_PROTEIN_RECEP_F2_4;    1.
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PRINTS
PR00249;    GPCRSECRETIN.;   
PR01156;    PACAPRECEPTR.;   
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Created Date
18-Oct-2012 
Record Type
Experiment identified 
Protein sequence Annotation
SIGNAL        1     19       Potential.
CHAIN        20    523       Pituitary adenylate cyclase-activating
                             polypeptide type I receptor.
                             /FTId=PRO_0000012843.
TOPO_DOM     20    154       Extracellular (Potential).
TRANSMEM    155    177       Helical; Name=1; (Potential).
TOPO_DOM    178    185       Cytoplasmic (Potential).
TRANSMEM    186    204       Helical; Name=2; (Potential).
TOPO_DOM    205    226       Extracellular (Potential).
TRANSMEM    227    252       Helical; Name=3; (Potential).
TOPO_DOM    253    267       Cytoplasmic (Potential).
TRANSMEM    268    290       Helical; Name=4; (Potential).
TOPO_DOM    291    308       Extracellular (Potential).
TRANSMEM    309    331       Helical; Name=5; (Potential).
TOPO_DOM    332    405       Cytoplasmic (Potential).
TRANSMEM    406    426       Helical; Name=6; (Potential).
TOPO_DOM    427    440       Extracellular (Potential).
TRANSMEM    441    460       Helical; Name=7; (Potential).
TOPO_DOM    461    523       Cytoplasmic (Potential).
REGION      124    138       Important for ligand binding and
                             specificity (By similarity).
CARBOHYD     47     47       N-linked (GlcNAc...) (Potential).
CARBOHYD     59     59       N-linked (GlcNAc...) (Potential).
CARBOHYD    116    116       N-linked (GlcNAc...) (Potential).
DISULFID     33     62       By similarity.
DISULFID     53    117       By similarity.
DISULFID     76    133       By similarity.
VAR_SEQ     348    348       L -> F (in isoform HOP1 and isoform
                             HOP2).
                             /FTId=VSP_002005.
VAR_SEQ     349    404       Missing (in isoform PACAP-R).
                             /FTId=VSP_002009.
VAR_SEQ     349    377       Missing (in isoform HOP2).
                             /FTId=VSP_002007.
VAR_SEQ     349    376       Missing (in isoform HOP1).
                             /FTId=VSP_002006.
VAR_SEQ     377    404       Missing (in isoform HIP).
                             /FTId=VSP_002008.
CONFLICT    449    449       F -> L (in Ref. 1; AAA41792).
CONFLICT    510    511       QL -> HV (in Ref. 6; AAA02990/CAA80429).
CONFLICT    515    516       SL -> TV (in Ref. 6; AAA02990/CAA80429).
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Nucleotide Sequence
Length: 2681 bp   Go to nucleotide: FASTA
Protein Sequence
Length: 523 bp   Go to amino acid: FASTA
The verified Protein-Protein interaction information
UniProt
 Gene Symbol Ref Databases
Other Protein-Protein interaction resources
String database  
View Microarray data
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