SpermatogenesisOnline 1.0

Tag Content
SG ID
SG00010831 
UniProt Accession
Theoretical PI
6.39  
Molecular Weight
44853 Da  
Genbank Nucleotide ID
Genbank Protein ID
Gene Name
Pgk2 
Gene Synonyms/Alias
Pgk-2 
Protein Name
Phosphoglycerate kinase 2 
Protein Synonyms/Alias
EC=2.7.2.3 Phosphoglycerate kinase, testis specific; 
Organism
Mus musculus (Mouse) 
NCBI Taxonomy ID
10090 
Chromosome Location
chr:17;40343963-40345554;-1
View in Ensembl genome browser  
Function in Stage
Uncertain 
Function in Cell Type
Uncertain 
Probability (GAS) of Function in Spermatogenesis
0.899671413 
The probability was calculated by GAS algorithm, ranging from 0 to 1. The closer it is to 1, the more possibly it functions in spermatogenesis.
Description
Temporarily unavailable 
Abstract of related literatures
1. In both humans and mice, two genes encode phosphoglycerate kinase, a key enzyme in the glycolytic pathway. The pgk-1 gene is expressed in all somatic cells, is located on the X chromosome, and contains 10 introns. The pgk-2 gene is expressed only in sperm cells, is located on an autosome, and has no introns. The nucleotide sequence of the pgk-2 gene suggests that it arose from pgk-1 more than 100 million years ago by RNA-mediated gene duplication. The pgk-2 gene may, then, be a transcribed retroposon. Thus, gene duplication by retroposition may have been used as a mechanism for evolutionary diversification. PMID: [2823118] 

2. This study describes comprehensive polling of transcription start and termination sites and analysis of previously unidentified full-length complementary DNAs derived from the mouse genome. We identify the 5' and 3' boundaries of 181,047 transcripts with extensive variation in transcripts arising from alternative promoter usage, splicing, and polyadenylation. There are 16,247 new mouse protein-coding transcripts, including 5154 encoding previously unidentified proteins. Genomic mapping of the transcriptome reveals transcriptional forests, with overlapping transcription on both strands, separated by deserts in which few transcripts are observed. The data provide a comprehensive platform for the comparative analysis of mammalian transcriptional regulation in differentiation and development. PMID: [16141072] 

3. The National Institutes of Health's Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC) project was designed to generate and sequence a publicly accessible cDNA resource containing a complete open reading frame (ORF) for every human and mouse gene. The project initially used a random strategy to select clones from a large number of cDNA libraries from diverse tissues. Candidate clones were chosen based on 5'-EST sequences, and then fully sequenced to high accuracy and analyzed by algorithms developed for this project. Currently, more than 11,000 human and 10,000 mouse genes are represented in MGC by at least one clone with a full ORF. The random selection approach is now reaching a saturation point, and a transition to protocols targeted at the missing transcripts is now required to complete the mouse and human collections. Comparison of the sequence of the MGC clones to reference genome sequences reveals that most cDNA clones are of very high sequence quality, although it is likely that some cDNAs may carry missense variants as a consequence of experimental artifact, such as PCR, cloning, or reverse transcriptase errors. Recently, a rat cDNA component was added to the project, and ongoing frog (Xenopus) and zebrafish (Danio) cDNA projects were expanded to take advantage of the high-throughput MGC pipeline. PMID: [15489334] 

4. During mammalian spermatogenesis the isozyme pattern of a glycolytic enzyme, phosphoglycerate kinase (PGK; ATP: 3-phospho-D-glycerate 1-phosphotransferase, EC 2.7.2.3), changes from the somatic-type PGK-1 to the testis-specific PGK-2, and this change has been suggested to involve transcription switch. We have isolated genomic DNA fragments which code for the mouse PGK isozymes and determined the transcription start site of each gene. The results demonstrate that transcriptions of the two PGK genes are initiated at multiple sites under the control of TATA box-lacking promoters. The putative promoter regions of the two genes contain several distinct sequences known as the CCAAT box and the GC box which possibly bind CCAAT-binding proteins and Sp1, respectively. We next developed a culture system in which spermatogenic gene expression is partly reproduced. When spermatogenic cells of 20-day-old rats were cultured, transcripts from PGK-2 and another spermatogenic gene PRPS3 became detectable, while expression of other non-spermatogenic genes did not significantly change during culture. These results suggest that two spermatogenic genes PGK-2 and PRPS3 were activated in culture according to a developmental program of spermatogenesis. Thus, this culture system may be useful for studying the molecular mechanism underlying mammalian spermatogenic gene expression. PMID: [2166582] 

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Function
 
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Subcellular Location
Cytoplasm (By similarity). 
Tissue Specificity
 
Gene Ontology
GO IDGO termEvidence
GO:0005737 C:cytoplasm IEA:UniProtKB-SubCell.
GO:0005524 F:ATP binding ISS:UniProtKB.
GO:0004618 F:phosphoglycerate kinase activity ISS:UniProtKB.
GO:0006096 P:glycolysis IEA:UniProtKB-KW.
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Interpro
IPR001576;    Phosphoglycerate_kinase.
IPR015901;    Phosphoglycerate_kinase_C.
IPR015911;    Phosphoglycerate_kinase_CS.
IPR015824;    Phosphoglycerate_kinase_N.
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Pfam
PF00162;    PGK;    1.
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SMART
PROSITE
PS00111;    PGLYCERATE_KINASE;    1.
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PRINTS
PR00477;    PHGLYCKINASE.;   
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Created Date
18-Oct-2012 
Record Type
GAS predicted 
Sequence Annotation
INIT_MET      1      1       Removed (By similarity).
CHAIN         2    417       Phosphoglycerate kinase 2.
                             /FTId=PRO_0000145836.
NP_BIND     373    376       ATP (By similarity).
REGION       24     26       Substrate binding (By similarity).
REGION       63     66       Substrate binding (By similarity).
BINDING      39     39       Substrate (By similarity).
BINDING     123    123       Substrate (By similarity).
BINDING     171    171       Substrate (By similarity).
BINDING     220    220       ATP (By similarity).
BINDING     313    313       ATP; via carbonyl oxygen (By similarity).
BINDING     344    344       ATP (By similarity).
MOD_RES      91     91       N6-acetyllysine (By similarity).
MOD_RES     156    156       N6-acetyllysine (By similarity).
MOD_RES     267    267       N6-acetyllysine (By similarity).
CONFLICT    151    151       Q -> R (in Ref. 1; AAA39920).
CONFLICT    176    176       T -> M (in Ref. 1; AAA39920/AAA39921).
HELIX         9     11
STRAND       18     22
STRAND       29     32
STRAND       33     35
HELIX        38     52
STRAND       56     61
HELIX        73     76
HELIX        79     89
STRAND       93     95
STRAND       99    101
HELIX       102    109
STRAND      115    118
HELIX       122    124
TURN        126    130
STRAND      131    133
STRAND      139    141
HELIX       144    155
STRAND      159    163
HELIX       166    168
HELIX       174    177
STRAND      184    186
HELIX       188    202
STRAND      206    213
HELIX       218    220
HELIX       221    227
TURN        228    230
STRAND      232    237
HELIX       240    249
STRAND      253    256
HELIX       260    263
HELIX       266    275
STRAND      279    281
STRAND      284    293
STRAND      298    302
TURN        303    305
STRAND      312    316
HELIX       318    329
STRAND      332    338
HELIX       346    348
HELIX       350    364
STRAND      368    371
HELIX       375    382
TURN        386    388
STRAND      389    392
HELIX       396    402
TURN        403    405
HELIX       409    412
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Nucleotide Sequence
Length: 2147 bp   Go to nucleotide: FASTA
Protein Sequence
Length: 417 bp   Go to amino acid: FASTA
The verified Protein-Protein interaction information
UniProt
 Gene Symbol Ref Databases
Dlg4IntAct 
Other Protein-Protein interaction resources
String database  
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