SpermatogenesisOnline 1.0

Tag Content
SG ID
SG00012331 
UniProt Accession
Theoretical PI
6.91  
Molecular Weight
146895 Da  
Genbank Nucleotide ID
Genbank Protein ID
Gene Name
Smc4 
Gene Synonyms/Alias
Capc, Smc4l1 
Protein Name
Structural maintenance of chromosomes protein 4 
Protein Synonyms/Alias
SMC protein 4SMC-4 Chromosome-associated polypeptide C; XCAP-C homolog; 
Organism
Mus musculus (Mouse) 
NCBI Taxonomy ID
10090 
Chromosome Location
chr:3;68808660-68838545;1
View in Ensembl genome browser  
Function in Stage
Uncertain 
Function in Cell Type
Uncertain 
Probability (GAS) of Function in Spermatogenesis
0.780375341 
The probability was calculated by GAS algorithm, ranging from 0 to 1. The closer it is to 1, the more possibly it functions in spermatogenesis.
Description
Temporarily unavailable 
Abstract of related literatures
1. The SMC proteins are found in nearly all living organisms examined, where they play crucial roles in mitotic chromosome dynamics, regulation of gene expression, and DNA repair. We have explored the phylogenetic relationships of SMC proteins from prokaryotes and eukaryotes, as well as their relationship to similar ABC ATPases, using maximum-likelihood analyses. We have also investigated the coevolution of different domains of eukaryotic SMC proteins and attempted to account for the evolutionary patterns we have observed in terms of available structural data. Based on our analyses, we propose that each of the six eukaryotic SMC subfamilies originated through a series of ancient gene duplication events, with the condensins evolving more rapidly than the cohesins. In addition, we show that the SMC5 and SMC6 subfamily members have evolved comparatively rapidly and suggest that these proteins may perform redundant functions in higher eukaryotes. Finally, we propose a possible structure for the SMC5/SMC6 heterodimer based on patterns of coevolution. PMID: [14660695] 

2. The National Institutes of Health's Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC) project was designed to generate and sequence a publicly accessible cDNA resource containing a complete open reading frame (ORF) for every human and mouse gene. The project initially used a random strategy to select clones from a large number of cDNA libraries from diverse tissues. Candidate clones were chosen based on 5'-EST sequences, and then fully sequenced to high accuracy and analyzed by algorithms developed for this project. Currently, more than 11,000 human and 10,000 mouse genes are represented in MGC by at least one clone with a full ORF. The random selection approach is now reaching a saturation point, and a transition to protocols targeted at the missing transcripts is now required to complete the mouse and human collections. Comparison of the sequence of the MGC clones to reference genome sequences reveals that most cDNA clones are of very high sequence quality, although it is likely that some cDNAs may carry missense variants as a consequence of experimental artifact, such as PCR, cloning, or reverse transcriptase errors. Recently, a rat cDNA component was added to the project, and ongoing frog (Xenopus) and zebrafish (Danio) cDNA projects were expanded to take advantage of the high-throughput MGC pipeline. PMID: [15489334] 

3. This study describes comprehensive polling of transcription start and termination sites and analysis of previously unidentified full-length complementary DNAs derived from the mouse genome. We identify the 5' and 3' boundaries of 181,047 transcripts with extensive variation in transcripts arising from alternative promoter usage, splicing, and polyadenylation. There are 16,247 new mouse protein-coding transcripts, including 5154 encoding previously unidentified proteins. Genomic mapping of the transcriptome reveals transcriptional forests, with overlapping transcription on both strands, separated by deserts in which few transcripts are observed. The data provide a comprehensive platform for the comparative analysis of mammalian transcriptional regulation in differentiation and development. PMID: [16141072] 

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Function
Central component of the condensin complex, a complexrequired for conversion of interphase chromatin into mitotic-likecondense chromosomes. The condensin complex probably introducespositive supercoils into relaxed DNA in the presence of type Itopoisomerases and converts nicked DNA into positive knotted formsin the presence of type II topoisomerases (By similarity). 
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Subcellular Location
Nucleus (By similarity). Cytoplasm (Bysimilarity). Chromosome (By similarity). Note=In interphase cells,the majority of the condensin complex is found in the cytoplasm,while a minority of the complex is associated with chromatin. Asubpopulation of the complex however remains associated withchromosome foci in interphase cells. During mitosis, most of thecondensin complex is associated with the chromatin. At the onsetof prophase, the regulatory subunits of the complex arephosphorylated by CDC2, leading to condensin's association withchromosome arms and to chromosome condensation. Dissociation fromchromosomes is observed in late telophase (By similarity). 
Tissue Specificity
 
Gene Ontology
GO IDGO termEvidence
GO:0000796 C:condensin complex IEA:Compara.
GO:0005737 C:cytoplasm IEA:UniProtKB-SubCell.
GO:0005634 C:nucleus IEA:UniProtKB-SubCell.
GO:0005524 F:ATP binding IEA:UniProtKB-KW.
GO:0051301 P:cell division IEA:UniProtKB-KW.
GO:0006310 P:DNA recombination IEA:InterPro.
GO:0006281 P:DNA repair IEA:InterPro.
GO:0051383 P:kinetochore organization IMP:MGI.
GO:0010032 P:meiotic chromosome condensation IMP:MGI.
GO:0045132 P:meiotic chromosome segregation IMP:MGI.
GO:0007076 P:mitotic chromosome condensation ISS:UniProtKB.
GO:0007062 P:sister chromatid cohesion IEA:InterPro.
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Interpro
IPR003395;    RecF/RecN/SMC.
IPR024704;    SMC.
IPR010935;    SMC_hinge.
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Pfam
PF06470;    SMC_hinge;    1.
PF02463;    SMC_N;    1.
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SMART
SM00968;    SMC_hinge;    1.
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PROSITE
PRINTS
Created Date
18-Oct-2012 
Record Type
GAS predicted 
Sequence Annotation
CHAIN         1   1286       Structural maintenance of chromosomes
                             protein 4.
                             /FTId=PRO_0000119008.
NP_BIND     111    118       ATP (Potential).
REGION      590    767       Flexible hinge.
COILED      270    589       Potential.
COILED      768   1018       Potential.
COILED     1068   1133       Potential.
COMPBIAS     64     69       Poly-Pro.
COMPBIAS   1189   1224       Ala/Asp-rich (DA-box).
MOD_RES      21     21       Phosphoserine (By similarity).
MOD_RES      27     27       Phosphoserine (By similarity).
MOD_RES      40     40       Phosphoserine (By similarity).
MOD_RES     379    379       N6-acetyllysine (By similarity).
MOD_RES     677    677       N6-acetyllysine (By similarity).
MOD_RES     980    980       Phosphoserine (By similarity).
MOD_RES    1035   1035       N6-acetyllysine (By similarity).
CONFLICT    454    454       E -> V (in Ref. 2; BAC40608).
HELIX       596    607
STRAND      608    610
STRAND      613    616
HELIX       617    619
HELIX       625    627
HELIX       628    634
HELIX       636    639
STRAND      640    644
HELIX       646    658
STRAND      666    668
HELIX       669    671
HELIX       673    675
HELIX       685    687
HELIX       691    694
HELIX       700    710
STRAND      714    718
HELIX       719    726
STRAND      735    737
STRAND      749    751
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Nucleotide Sequence
Length: 3861 bp   Go to nucleotide: FASTA
Protein Sequence
Length: 1286 bp   Go to amino acid: FASTA
The verified Protein-Protein interaction information
UniProt
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